View source for Whangārei-terenga-paraoa

{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
| name                    = <big>Whangarei</big>
| native_name             = <small>Whangārei-terenga-parāoa ([[Māori language|Māori]])</small>
| native_name_lang        = mi
| settlement_type         =Taonenui ā-Rohe
| image_skyline           = Whangārei view from Parahaki.jpg
| imagesize               = 250px
| image_alt               =
| image_caption           = Ko te Whanga o Whangārei mai i a Parihaka maunga me ngā papatāone o Onerahirahi, Sherwood Rise, Parihaka me Port Whangārei i mua.
| image_flag              =
| flag_alt                =
| image_seal              =
| seal_alt                =
| image_shield            =
| shield_alt              =
| nickname                =Whangas, Dub City, The Rei
| motto                   =Non Nobis Solum, Love It Here, City of 100 Beaches
| pushpin_map             = New Zealand
| pushpin_label_position  =
| pushpin_map_alt         =
| pushpin_map_caption     =
| latd  = 35 |latm  = 43 |lats  = 30 |latNS  = S
| longd = 174 |longm = 19 |longs = 25 |longEW = E
| coor_pinpoint           =
| coordinates_type        =
| coordinates_display     = inline,title
| coordinates_footnotes   =
| subdivision_type        = Whenua
| subdivision_name        = {{NZ}}
| subdivision_type1       = Rohe
| subdivision_name1       = [[Te Tai-tokerau]]
| subdivision_type2       = Kaunihera
| subdivision_name2       = [[Whangarei]]
| subdivision_type3       = I mua i a 1989
| subdivision_name3       = Te Kaute o Whangārei me Te Taonenui o Whangārei
| established_title       =
| established_date        =
| founder                 =
| named_for               =Reipae, he puhi nō Tainui
| seat_type               =
| seat                    =Whangārei Central
| government_footnotes    =
| leader_party            =
| leader_title            = Mayor
| leader_name             = Sheryl Mai
| leader_title1           =
| leader_name1            =
| total_type              =
| unit_pref               =
| area_magnitude          =
| area_footnotes          =
| area_total_km2          =
| area_total_sq_mi        =
| area_land_km2           =
| area_land_sq_mi         =
| area_water_km2          =
| area_water_sq_mi        =
| area_water_percent      =
| elevation_footnotes     =
| elevation_m             =
| elevation_ft            =
| population_footnotes    = <ref name="NZ_population_data"/>
| population_total        =
| population_as_of        = {{NZ population data|Whangarei||y}}
| population_urban        = {{formatnum:{{NZ population data|Whangarei|y}}|R}}
| area_note               =
| population_density_km2  =
| population_density_sq_mi=
| population_est          =
| pop_est_as_of           =
| population_demonym      =
| population_note         =
| timezone = [[Time in New Zealand|NZST]]
| utc_offset = +12
| timezone_DST = NZDT
| utc_offset_DST = +13
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->
| postal_code_type = Postcode
| postal_code = 0110, 0112 (urban)
| area_code = 09
| website = {{URL|www.wdc.govt.nz}}
| footnotes               =
}}

Ko '''Whangārei-terenga-[[Parāoa (kararehe)|parāoa]], '''arā ko '''Te Tauwhanga a Reipae''' (Whangarei) te tāone nui o [[Te Tai-tokerau]], [[Te Ika-a-Māui]], [[Aotearoa]]. Kei raro te tāone nei i te mana o te Kaunihera ā-Rohe o Whangārei, he takiwā i whakatūria i te tau 1989 hei whakahaere i te tāone nui me te rohe whānui. I puta mai te kaunihera nei i ngā kaunihera o mua o Te Tāonenui o Whangārei, Te Kaute o Whangārei me te Tāone o Hikurangi. Nō te 2013, kua tae te taupori ki te 52,900, ake i 47,000 i te tau 2001. Nō te 2011 ko te kaute tāngata mō te takiwā whānui ko te 80,800. Ko [[Ngā Puhi]] te tangata whenua o reira. 

Kei roto i te takiwā o Whangārei ngā papatāone o [[Kamo]], Tikipunga, Ōtāngārei, Mairtown, Riverside, Sherwood Rise, Onerahi, Morningside, Raumanga, Maunu, Horahora, Woodhill, Vinetown, The Regent, Kensington, me Whau Valley. 

==Hītoria==
Ko Kāpene Hēmi Kuki arā ko [[James Cook]] me ōna kaumoana o te waka ''[[HM Bark Endeavour|Endeavour]]'' ngā Pākehā tuatahi ki te whai whakaaro mō te pūaha o Whangārei. I te 15 o Whiringa-ā-rangi 1769 i hopukina e rātou neke atu i te kotahi rau ika nā rātou i tapa "[[bream]]" (kāhore e kore he tāmure, [[Australasian snapper|snapper]] kē), nō konā nā Kuki te takiwā i tapa [[Bream Bay]] (ko Te Whanga Tāmure ki te reo).<ref>{{cite book|title=Historic Northland|author=[[A. H. Reed]]|year=1968}}</ref>   

Kapia ana a Whangārei e te [[iwi]] [[Ngāpuhi]] nō te tīmatanga o ngā rautau tekau mā iwa, ā, kei te pūaha o te whanga te hapū o [[Te Parawhau]] e noho ana. Nō ngā tau mai i 1820 i whakatokengia te takiwā e [[Waikato (iwi)|Waikato]] me [[Ngāti Paoa]] i te wā o ngā Pakanga Pūokaoka. <ref>{{cite book|title=Whangarei: The Founding Years|last=Pickmere|first=Nancy Preece|year=1986|pages=1–6}}</ref>

Ko William Carruth te Pākehā tuatahi ki te tatū ki Whangārei, he Kōtimana, he kaihokohoko i tae mai i 1839. E ono tau ki muri ka tae mai hoki a [[Gilbert Mair (trader)|Gilbert Mair]] me tōna whānau. He āhua tau ki waenga i ngā kainohonoho hou me ngā Māori o konā i te nuinga o te wā tae atu ki Huitānguru 1842. I whakarekerekea ngā pāmu katoa e ngā Māori hei utu i te whatinga [[Tapu (Polynesian culture)|tapu]]. I Paengawhāwhā 1845, i te wā o te [[Flagstaff War]], i horo atu ngā kainohonoho katoa i Whangārei.<ref>Pickmere, pp 20-46</ref> Kīhai i hoki atu te nuinga o rātou, heoi anō rā, tae atu ki waenga i ngā tau 1850 i rahi ake ngā kaipāmu me ngā kaipāmu aka i whai kāinga i te rohe. Nō te 1855 i puāwai mai tētahi wāhi tāone mō te hokohoko kauri. Ko te wāhi o nāianei arā ko Te Ahipūpū i te tahataha o te awa Hātea te wāpu tuatahi o te rohe i hoko atu ai i ngā pia kauri me ngā wāhie rākau taketake, ka whai muri ko ngā waro mai i [[Whau Valley]], [[Kamo, New Zealand|Kamo]], me [[Hikurangi]]. Ko ngā waro mai i Kiripaka i haria mā te awa o Ngunguru. Nō te 1864 i puāwai te pokapū o te tāonenui o nāianei.<ref>Pickmere, pp 87-88</ref> 

Mō ngā tau tekau e hia kē i tū ai tētahi wāhi mahi pereki nā ngā pereki ahi mai i ngā wāhi oneuku ahi tata ki ngā maina o Kamo. I whai pākeho mai i Hikurangi, Portland me Motu Matakohe. I te tuatahi i hoko atu hei pākeho ahuwhenua, ā muri i whakaranu ki ngā waro o reira hei raima ki [[Portland, Northland|Portland]] he pā ki te tonga o te whanga. E whakamahi tonu ana ngā pākeho o Whangārei hei raima engari ka ahu mai te waro i [[Te Tai Poutini]] o [[Te Waipounamu]].  

Ki te pito o te rautau tekau mā iwa ko Whangārei te tino tāone o Te Tai Tokerau, heoi i pōturi tōna tupu i te rautau rua tekau, Ka āta whakapaua e te takiwā te nuinga o ōna rawa engari i whakauka i runga i ngā mahi ahuwhenua, te mea hoki ko ngā mahi whai miraka. Ko te kaipuke te waka matua mō te rohe, ā, ka tae atu te reriwei [[North Auckland Line|North Auckland railway line]] ki te tāone i te tau 1925, me te mea anō horekai i pai te huarahi motukā mai i Tāmaki Makaurau i te ua tae ki 1934. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/Places/Northland/NorthlandPlaces/15/en|title=Whāngārei City and environs|work=[[Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand]]}}</ref>. 14,000 te kaute tāngata i te tau 1945, ka mutu ka tupu mārika i ngā tau o 1960. Ka kapo mai a Kamo me ngā papatāone whānui. Nō te 1964 ka puāwai a Whangārei hei tāonenui. I te tau whai muri ko tōna tōpu ko te 31,000.<ref>{{cite book|chapter=Whangarei|title=[[Bateman New Zealand Encyclopedia]]|page=632|edition=4th edition|year=1995}}</ref>

Ka whakatū me te whakawhānui i tētahi kamupene huri hinu ki [[Marsden Point]] i te haurua tuarua o te rautau rua tekau ki Te Whanga Tāmure. Ki tōna taha ka whakatū a [[Northland Port]] hei hoko wāhie ki te ao whānui. Ka whai pea tētahi wāpu ipu nui, mā tereina ki Tāmaki Makaurau. He wāhi pai mō te whakatū tāone pea ki te taha o Northport hei hua mō rahinga tāngata i Tāmaki Makaurau, ā, torutoru noa iho ngā whenua kua wātea i reira.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telferyoung.com/news/northland/ty1151288664.html|title=Marsden Point - The Hype and The Reality|publisher=TelferYoung (Northland) Limited|date=June 2006|accessdate=2014-06-26|archivedate=2008-07-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080725183551/http://www.telferyoung.com/news/northland/ty1151288664.html}}</ref>

===Te Maunga o Parihaka===
[[Image:Whangarei Falls.jpg|thumb|Whangarei Falls]]
Ko te maunga o Parihaka tētahi pūia, 241 mita te teitei, e noho whakarua ana i te pokapū o te tāonenui. Ko te āhua nei, 20 miriona ōna tau, ā, he tihi ia o ngā paemaunga pūia o reira pērā i a Parakiore me Hikurangi. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gsnz.org.nz/gs_downloads/fieldtrips/MP112B_FT4.pdf|title=Introduction to Whangarei geology|author=Bruce Hayward, Mike Isaac, Keith Miller and Bernhard Spörli|format=PDF|year=2002|publisher=[[Geological Society of New Zealand]]|page=27|accessdate=2014-06-26|archivedate=2009-03-04|archiveurl=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20090304085527/http://www.gsnz.org.nz/gs_downloads/fieldtrips/MP112B_FT4.pdf}}</ref> E karapotia ana te tihi e te Parihaka Scenic Reserve. He rori ki te tihi, ā, he ara hīkoi hoki ki te tihi. 

I auau te rangona te maunga nei ko Parahaki, heoi ko tōna ingoa tūturu ko Parihaka. I whakamanatia a Parihaka e te kāwanatanga i te tau 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.beehive.govt.nz/node/23727|title=Mount Parihaka name corrected|date=19 July 2005|accessdate=2008-08-14}}</ref>

===Te Awa o Hātea===
Rere ana te awa o Hātea ki te tonga o te tāone nui tae atu ki te whanga. Kei tētahi pito o te awa tētahi wairere whakamīharo, 26 mita te teitei ki Tikipunga, e 6 kiromita ki te raki o te tāonenui.<ref>Parkes, p 11</ref>

===Te Motu o Matakohe===
E noho ana a Motu Matakohe i roto i te whanga, tata ki te tāone. Ko te Kaunihera ā-rohe o Whangārei te kaitiaki, ā, e ngana tonu ana ngā mahi whakatika whenua i reira.

==Rūnanga Mātauranga==

===Whare Wānanga===

Ko Tai Tokerau Wānanga, arā ko [[NorthTec]] te kura takiura matua o Te Taitokerau. Kei Whangārei te kura matua. Ka taea te whai atu i ētahi tohu paetahi, pōkairua, tiwhikete whānui hoki mō ngā marau maha. E arotake ana ōna tohu ā-motu nei kia kitea te hiranga. Neke atu i te 23,000 ngā ākonga o NorthTec. 

He kāreti takiura ki te pokapū o te tāonenui mō Te Whare Wānanga o Tāmaki Makaurau.


===Wharekura===
He maha kē ngā kura tuarua ki te tāonenui, ā, kei te nuinga o ngā papatāone ō rātou ake kura tuatahi.

====Kura Tuarua====
Ko Te Kura Taitama o Whangārei tētahi kura tuarua, tama anahe, me tōna tōpu ākonga, {{NZ school roll data|15|y||y}} <small>({{NZ school roll data|||y}})</small>.

Ko Te Kura Kōtiro o Whangārei tētahi kura tuarua kōtiro me tōna tōpu ākonga,{{NZ school roll data|16|y||y}} <small>({{NZ school roll data|||y}})</small>.
 
Ko ēnei kura tuarua tokorua he kura pae 5 mō ngā tau 9-13.<ref>{{TKI|15|Whangarei Boys High School]}}</ref><ref>{{TKI|16|Whangarei Girls High School]}}</ref> Both schools opened in 1881.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbhs.school.nz/main.cfm?id=2558|title=Whangarei Boys' High School -Our History|publisher=Whangarei Boys' High School|accessdate=2014-06-26|archivedate=2008-10-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081014074631/http://www.wbhs.school.nz/main.cfm?id=2558}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wghs.school.nz/|title=Whangarei Girls' High|publisher=Whangarei Girls' High School}}</ref>

Ko Te Kura Tuarua o Kamo, mō ngā tau 9-13.

Ko Te Kura Tuarua o Tikipunga, mō ngā tau 7-13. 

Ko ēnei kura tuarua he kura tama, kōrito hoki mō ngā taitamariki o ngā papatāone o te raki o Whangārei.

Ko Te Kāreti o Huanui, he kura tūmataiti ki te papatāone o Glenbervie.

====Kura Takawaenga me Kura Tuatahi====
E rua ngā kura takawaenga (tau 7-8) i te tāonenui. He maha kē ngā kura tuatahi mō ngā tau 1-8.

Ko Te Kura Takawaenga o Whangārei tētahi kura takawaenga (tau 7-8) me te tōpu ākonga 639.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tki.org.nz/e/schools/display_school_info.php?school_id=1129|title=Te Kete Ipurangi - Whangarei Intermediate|publisher=[[Ministry of Education (New Zealand)|Ministry of Education]]|accessdate=2014-06-26|archivedate=2009-07-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090711180213/http://www.tki.org.nz/e/schools/display_school_info.php?school_id=1129}}</ref>

Ko Te Kura Takawaenga o Kamo tētahi kura e manaaki ana i ngā taitamariki o konā. 

Ko ngā kura tuatahi o te tāonenui ko, Te Kura o Hurupaki, Te Kura Tuatahi o Kamo, Te Kura o te Kāhui Tōtara (Te Kura o Kamo ki te Rāwhiti i mua), Te Kura Tuatahi o Tikipunga, Te Kura o Otangarei, Te Kura o te Riu o Whau, Te Kura o Whangārei, Te Kura kite i a Manaia (i tūhono a Te Kura Tuatahi o Raumanga me te Kura Takawaenga o Raumanga), Te Kura o te Ara o Raurimu me te Kura o Onerahi. 

====Kura Hāhi====

I whakapuarengia a Te Kāreti Katorika o Pomapārie i te tau 1971, he kura tuarua Katorika (tau 7-13), tōpu ākonga, 560, pae 7, ki te papatāone o Maunu. Koianei anahe te kura tuarua Katorika ki Te Tai Tokerau whānui. 

Ko Te Kura Katorika o Hāto Werahiko Kawerio te kura tuatahi Katorika o te tāonenui, ki te papatāone o Te Riu o Whau, ki te taha o te Pārihi Katorika (i tūhono mai Te Kura o Hāta Maria me te Kura o Hāto Hōhepa). 

Ko Te Kura Whakaora Karaitiana tētahi kura taumata 1-13. 

Ko Te Kāreti o Excellere tētahi kura Karaitiana tau 1-13 ki te papatāone whakararo o Springs Flat.

==Tirohia hoki==
*[[Te Tai-tokerau]]
[[Image:Whangarei_panorama.jpg|810px|center|He tirohanga whānui o Whāngarei]]

==Kupu tautoko==
<references />

[[Category:Tāone o Te Tai-tokerau]]

{{Maramara matawhenua (Tai-tokerau)}}